HIP Target and Platform

Introduce HIP as a dedicated code generation platform.

pystencils.codegen

• Add Target.HIP
• Change Target.GPU to alias Target.CurrentGPU
• Auto-detect Target.CUDA or Target.HIP on GPU systems when using Target.CurrentGPU

pystencils.backend

• Move all common functionality of CUDA and HIP to GenericGpu platform class
• Introduce HipPlatform to inherit from GenericGpu

pystencils.jit

• Adapt the CupyJit to only compile CUDA kernels on NVidia platforms, and only HIP kernels on ROCm platforms
  • While HIP can technically act as a shallow wrapper around CUDA on NVidia systems, this does not make sense here, since a) we're gaining portability through code generation anyway, b) hipcc will just call nvcc on Nvidia systems anyway, and c) cupy needs to be built against the entire ROCm software stack to use HIP.

Code Adaptations

• Use Target.CurrentGPU throughout the test suite where it is required
• Use Target.is_gpu() to detect GPU targets in all places where previously targets were checked only against Target.CUDA

Documentation

• Adapt installation guide and GPU codegen guide to reflect the new target
• Adapt backend GPU codegen docs
• Extend contrib guide with info on GPU development

On CI Testing

Since cupy only supports the combinations NVidia+CUDA and ROCm+HIP, we cannot currently test HIP code generation in the CI since we don't have GitLab runners with AMD GPUs.

Rationale

Separate modelling of CUDA and HIP in the code generator will be necessary to capture architectural differences in !438 (merged). Also, it turns out to be very important for the new waLBerla code generator (see https://i10git.cs.fau.de/da15siwa/sfg-walberla); using the target is the easiest way to distinguish between CUDA and HIP for GPU codegen.

docs/source/user_manual/gpu_kernels.md

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ which operates much in the same way that [NumPy][numpy] works on CPU arrays.
 Cupy and NumPy expose nearly the same APIs for array operations;
 the difference being that CuPy allocates all its arrays on the GPU
 and performs its operations as CUDA kernels.
-Also, CuPy exposes a just-in-time-compiler for GPU kernels, which internally calls [nvrtc].
+Also, CuPy exposes a just-in-time-compiler for GPU kernels.
 In pystencils, we use CuPy both to compile and provide executable kernels on-demand from within Python code,
 and to allocate and manage the data these kernels can be executed on.
 
@@ -271,5 +271,4 @@ only a part of the triangle is being processed.
 
 [cupy]: https://cupy.dev "CuPy Homepage"
 [numpy]: https://numpy.org "NumPy Homepage"
-[nvrtc]: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/nvrtc/index.html "NVIDIA Runtime Compilation Library"
 [cupy-docs]: https://docs.cupy.dev/en/stable/overview.html "CuPy Documentation"